En 2021, un estudio publicado en el Journal of Equine Veterinary Science se centr\u00f3 en el brote de EHV-1 en Valencia, Espa\u00f1a, identificando contribuyentes clave para el brote. Se se\u00f1alaron condiciones de estabulaci\u00f3n inadecuadas en las estructuras de carpa con mala calidad del aire como un problema central. El estudio tambi\u00e9n enfatiz\u00f3 la edad y el g\u00e9nero de los caballos como factores de riesgo significativos, con los caballos de nueve a\u00f1os o m\u00e1s, especialmente aquellos alojados en el centro de la carpa, siendo los m\u00e1s susceptibles a los s\u00edntomas neurol\u00f3gicos.<\/p>\n
Durante el brote de 2021, 752 caballos estuvieron presentes en el recinto de Valencia, con 592 partiendo debido a la cancelaci\u00f3n del evento y 160 permaneciendo en cuarentena. El estudio recopil\u00f3 datos epidemiol\u00f3gicos de 74 caballos. Estos caballos, con una edad media de nueve a\u00f1os, incluyeron 32 yeguas, 24 castrados y cuatro sementales de siete pa\u00edses diferentes. Una diferencia notable fue que la mayor\u00eda del grupo estudiado hab\u00eda sido vacunada contra el EHV-1, en contraste con la poblaci\u00f3n total en el lugar. Dentro del recinto de Valencia, se dispusieron 440 boxes temporales dentro de una carpa masiva, con una ventilaci\u00f3n m\u00ednima solo en las entradas de la carpa. La investigaci\u00f3n encontr\u00f3 que los caballos alojados en el centro de la carpa ten\u00edan m\u00e1s de nueve veces m\u00e1s probabilidades de desarrollar mieloencefalopat\u00eda por EHV-1 (EHM), una forma neurol\u00f3gica grave de la enfermedad, en comparaci\u00f3n con los ubicados en la periferia de la carpa.<\/p>\n
El estudio sugiri\u00f3 que la ventilaci\u00f3n inadecuada llev\u00f3 a una mayor exposici\u00f3n a aerosoles de virus emitidos por caballos infectados. En consecuencia, se subray\u00f3 la importancia de las condiciones estables y medidas de bioseguridad, incluyendo ex\u00e1menes cl\u00ednicos iniciales y un seguimiento regular de la temperatura rectal. Adem\u00e1s, se destac\u00f3 la necesidad de instalaciones de aislamiento adecuadas y la utilidad potencial de las pruebas de PCR, aunque se reconocieron variaciones en los resultados seg\u00fan los m\u00e9todos de muestreo y los laboratorios.<\/p>\n
Foto de Raphael Wicker<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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